最近我们发布了第一个关于低碳食谱的视频《用它代替主食，一周少吃140勺糖！》。有热心的关注在留言区询问：吃花菜会长结节吗？
像西兰花和球芽甘蓝一样，花菜（Brassica oleracea var.botrytis）是一种十字花科蔬菜。花菜比其他十字花科蔬菜含有更少的微量营养素，但它是几种具有抗癌症特性的化合物的来源。花菜成分已被证明可以降低患膀胱癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和宫颈癌症等疾病的风险。
花菜是化学预防性异硫氰酸酯的来源，包括异硫氰酸烯丙酯（AITC）、吲哚-3-甲醇（I3C）及其代谢产物3,3′-二吲哚基甲烷（DIM）以及萝卜硫素。此外，花椰菜还含有一些胆碱、叶酸和维生素C。
食用花菜对乳腺癌的影响
食用花菜可降低患癌症的风险。花菜及其组成分子具有促进人乳腺癌症细胞凋亡、抑制细胞周期进程和抑制血管生成的作用。此外，花菜可以保护细胞免受DNA损伤。花菜可以增加一些乳腺癌症治疗的有益效果。过度烹饪花菜会降低其预防癌症或复发的潜在效果。
流行病学研究
许多人群研究发现，食用一种或多种十字花科蔬菜会降低患癌症的风险。例如，一项基于意大利和瑞士人口的研究报告称，与从不食用或仅偶尔食用十字花科蔬菜相比，每周至少食用一次十字花科植物与患癌症的风险降低17%。
花菜异硫氰酸盐
研究发现，在绝经前和绝经后妇女中，尿异硫氰酸盐水平与较低的乳腺癌症风险有关。
食用说明
花菜最适合的食用方式是：生食或先切碎，然后轻煮（蒸、炒、烫或微波炉），而不是过度煮烹饪（煮、炖或烤），这样是最具化学预防作用的。
以下是关于这种食物及其成分的最新研究链接。
***特别注意事项
十字花科类蔬菜含有硫代葡萄糖苷类物质，会影响体内碘元素的吸收。对于甲状腺功能异常的朋友，避免长期大量食用花菜，大白菜等十字花科类蔬菜。
信息来源：https://foodforbreastcancer.com/foods/cauliflower
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